The term "welfare state" refers to a type of political system̦̦ in which a government plays a key role in the protection and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizens.

The provision of welfare is often rooted in the principles of equality of opportunity, equitable distribution of wealth, and public responsibility for those unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions of a good life. Social Security, federally mandated unemployment insurance programs, and welfare payments to people unable to work are all examples of the welfare state. Most modern countries practice some elements of what is considered the welfare state.