Privileged communication is an interaction between two parties in which the law recognizes a private, protected relationship. Whatever is communicated between the two parties must remain confidential, and the law cannot force their disclosure.

Even disclosure by one of the parties comes with legal limitations. There are, however, exceptions that can invalidate a privileged communication relationship. There are also various circumstances under which privileged communication can be waived, either deliberately or unintentionally. Commonly cited relationships where privileged communication exists are those between attorney and client, and doctor and patient.