An official settlement account (OSA) is a special type of account used in international balance of payments (BoP) accounting to keep track of central banks’ reserve asset transactions with one another. The official settlement account keeps track of transactions involving gold, foreign exchange reserves, bank deposits and special drawing rights (SDRs).

Essentially, this type of account keeps track of transactions related to international reserves and central bank assets that are transferred among nations to settle either a balance of payment deficit or surplus.