Gross national product (GNP) is an estimate of the total value of all the final products and services turned out in a given period by the means of production owned by a country's residents. GNP is commonly calculated by taking the sum of personal consumption expenditures, private domestic investment, government expenditure, net exports (the difference between what a country exports minus any imports of goods and services), and any income earned by residents from overseas investments, minus income earned within the domestic economy by foreign residents.